Window structure



Jan. 11, 1955 B. J. TRILLER wmuow STRUCTURE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 T @en jqmlln 1. Tr-LHer' 1 om 1 4 MM 17/ Filed May 23, 1950 a in Wu G I (mwomai Jan. 11, 1955 B. J. TRILLER WINDOW STRUCTURE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 23, 1950 Jan. 11, 1955 B. J. TRILLER WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed ma 25, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .W Z H 1 Q WW we 0., E; 3 o NKW 6% E.L.% 4 4 .v@ e 9 u w s m m 8 a my 2 mm m 05 4 70 K r/Pw United States Patent WINDOW STRUCTURE Benjamin J. Triller, Dubuque, Iowa, assignor to Farley & Loetscher Manufacturing Compan Dubuque, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa Application May 23, 1950, Serial No. 163,753

3 Claims. (Cl. 160-93) The present invention relates to improvements in window structures and more particularly to window structures of the dual sash type intended primarily for use in residential buildings.

A general object of the invention lies in the provision of an all-season window construction which eliminates the necessity for auxiliary storm sash and for full size screens with the attendant hazards and nuisance of interchanging them, which facilitates cleaning of the outside glass surfaces and which permits of economical manufacture.

A more specific object is to provide a novel window construction which permits of insulation glazing and in which standard size sash and frame elements may be utilized to the ends that the installation in a wall of standard construction is practical, and that notwithstanding the added thickness of the sash structure, presents the same appearance of relief as a Window constructed in accordance with the conventional practice.

Another object is to provide a novel framing for a pivotally mounted window sash which affords an effective weather tight seal when the window is closed and which additionally serves to retain the window securely in any desired open position.

Another object is to provide a window construction of the above character wherein a half-screen is utilized, the same being normally set in substantially coplanar relation with the upper sash to enhance the appearance of the screened window and is removable from the inside of the building in which the window is installed.

A still further object is to provide a window having a single half-screen associated with the lower window sash and embodying novel features of construction which enable that screen to function efiiciently with either the upper or the lower sash opened for ventilation.

The objects of the invention thus generally set forth together with other objects and ancillary advantages are attained by the construction and arrangement shown by way of illustration in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a front perspective view of a window installation in which the features of the present invention are incorporated.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view similar to Fig. 1 but illustrating the upper sash in open position.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section on an enlarged scale taken substantially in the plane of line 3--3 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary rear perspective view, partly in section, of the upper sash and the adjacent window frame structure, the lower sash being omitted.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section taken substantially in the plane of line 5-5 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary forward perspective view of a vertical filler strip on one edge of the window frame.

Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view on a somewhat enlarged scale of the upper sash latch.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary horizontal section on an enlarged scale taken substantially in the plane of line 8-8 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary rear perspective view partly in section and on a somewhat larger scale illustrating the wealtlther stripping employed in connection with the upper sas While the invention is susceptible of various modifications and alternative constructions, there is shown in the 2,699,205 Patented Jan. 11, 1955 drawings and will herein be described in detail the preferred embodiment, but it is not intended to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed; it is, however, intended to cover all modifications and alternative constructions falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

In carrying out the invention there is provided a window frame adapted to be installed in a building or the like in the conventional manner to define a generally rectangular window opening. The frame is fitted with a pair of sashes including an upper sash 12 and a lower sash 14 normally disposed one above the other in laterally ofiset parallel planes to efiectually close the window opening. Each sash is fashioned to accommodate insulation glazing which comprises a pair of substantially parallel panes disposed in spaced relation to define a dead air space therebetween. The present construction is such that the lower sash 14 is hung for bodily raising and lowering in the conventional manner, that is, by an edgewise sliding movement. The upper sash 12, however, is pivotally supported for tilting movement about a horizontal axis located intermediate its upper and lower edges between a fully open or horizontal position and a closed or vertical position. When the sashes are in their closed positions the instant Window presents the same recessed or relief appearance as that of a conventionally constructed window. Further, the present invention contemplates the provision of a half-screen disposed below and in substantially coplanar relation with the outer surface of the upper sash 12 and spaced from the lower sash 14 to permit air passing through the screen to pass upwardly between the upper crossrail of its frame and the check rail at the top of the lower sash and thence into the building when the upper sash is in a partially open position. Thus there is provided indirect, draft-free ventilation while at the same time preventing entrance of insects. I

In the particular embodiment illustrated, the upper sash 12 and the lower sash 14 are equipped with panes or lights 16 of insulating glass which may, for example, be of the commercially available form known as Thermo pane. These sashes 12 and 14 are fashioned from standard stock parts including upper and lower horizontal cross members or check rails 1720 and vertical side members or stiles 21. As is customary the meeting check rails 18 and 19 of the two sashes are provided with angularly disposed engaging faces 18a and 19a (Fig. 5), respectively, and any suitable form of sash lock may be utilized for latching the sashes together in tight engagement.

The frame, as illustrated, is constructed almost entirely of standard-cut members and can therefore be fabricated without the expense of producing specially designed parts. Thus the frame includes a conventional downwardly sloping sill 22 (Figs. 1 and 2), spaced side jambs or pulley stiles 24 and a head jamb 25 secured together to define the rectangular window opening. A conventional casing is provided for the outside of the frame including the usual trim members 26 at each side of the window opening, against which the building siding 28 abuts, and a blind stop 29 (Fig. 5) at the top of the frame. A cap 30 is secured to the frame above the blind stop 29.

On the inside the frame is provided with the usual vertical and horizontal casing members 31 and 32 (Fig. 5) and vertically and horizontally disposed stop strips 34 and 35 which are respectively secured to the side and head jambs 24 and 25.

Adjacent the vertical stop strips 34 and fastened to the side jambs 24, weather stripping 36 (Figs. 3 and 8) for the lower sash 14 is provided. Preferably, the Weather stripping is of resilient metallic material such as spring bronze and has an outwardly projecting rib 36a thereon which is received in a longitudinal channel 38 formed in the stiles 21 of the lower sash (Fig. 8).

To support the upper sash 12 for tilting movement between open and closed positions a pair of vertical filler strips 40 are utilized which are made rigid with the side jambs 24 adjacent the outer edges thereof. The filler strips 40 are of a length substantially equal to the height of the upper sash 12 are are provided adjacent their inner edges with a groove or rabbet 41. Fastened to the transverse faces of the rabbet 41 are fixed hinge blocks 42 which support horizontally projecting pivot pins 44. The outer ends of the pins 44 are received in blocks 45 which are of generally L-shape cross section and are fastened to the stiles 21 of the upper sash 12 adjacent its center. It will be apparent, therefore, that the pins 44 define a horizontal axis about which the upper sash may be tilted in such manner that its top moves inwardly upon opening the same.

Stop means is provided against which the top of the sash abuts when the upper sash 12 is moved into closed position. To this end there is interposed between the head jamb and the blind stop 29 a transverse stop strip 46 (Fig. 5). The outer edge of the crossrail 17 of the sash 12 is rabbeted as at 47 to receive the stop strip. The meeting check rails 18 and 19, of course, serve as limiting abutments for the bottom of the sash 12.

Beneath the filler strips are vertically disposed parting strips 48 which, too, are fastened to the side jambs 24 and have their inner faces aligned with the corresponding faces of the filler strips. Thus these parting and filler strips together with the stop strips 34 and the side jambs 24 define channels which serve as guides for raising and lowering movement of the lower sash 14.

To accommodate a half-screen 5" the parting strips 48 are of a somewhat narrower width than that of the filler strips 40 (Fig. 6). The screen 56 can be held in place by any suitable latching means. Upon reference to Fig. 5 it will be noted that when the screen is installed, it is disposed directly beneath the upper sash 12, when the latter is in its normal or closed position, and is spaced outwardly from the lower sash 14 by abutment with the parting strips 48.

Upon moving the upper sash 12 into a partially open position wherein the surface 18a of its lower check rail 18 is spaced from the surface 19a of the upper check rail 19 of the lower sash 14, the edge thereof is disposed above the upper crossrail of the screen 50. Thus a narrow opening is provided between the surfaces 18a and 19a which extends transversely entirely across the window and through which air can pass. For air to flow into the building in which the instant window is installed, it must come through the screen 50 and it fiows upwardly, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 5, and thence into the building. It is to be noted especially, however, that in this partially open position of sash 12, the lower edge of the check rail 18 is disposed closely adjacent to the upper surface of the screen frame. Similarly the uppermost edge of the top check rail 17 of the sash is closely spaced with respect to the head jamb 25. Consequently there is provided weatherproof and draft-free ventilation and the possibility of entrance of insects at these points is minimized.

Stop means is provided to insure maintenance of the upper sash 12 in such partially open position. In the present instance, to limit movement of the top of the sash, a generally L-shaped spring 52 (Fig. 5) is utilized which is fastened to the center of the head jamb 25 and adjacent the horizontal stop strip 35 in position for engagement by the upper crossrail 17 of the sash. A recess 53 in the head jamb 25 permits depression of the spring 52 to free the sash for further inward movement.

Latch means, generally designated 55 is provided to lock the upper sash 12 in closed position. As shown in Figs. 4, 7 and 8, this means includes a channel-shaped member 56 which is secured in a vertical position in the rabbeted groove 41 of the filler strip 40 adjacent the lower end thereof. The overall width of the channel 56 is such that its inner leg comes flush with the inner surface of the filler strip 40, thus preventing interference with the lower sash 19 as it is raised and lowered. The outer leg of the channel 36 is notched as at 58 for the reception of a strike 59 which is carried by the sash 12. The strike 59 has a hook-shaped nose 6%) rigid therewith which enters the notch 58 when the window is moved into closed position. To engage the nose 69 of the strike, a catch 61 is provided which is vertically shiftable in the upper portion of the channel 56. As shown, the catch 61 is fashioned from a strip of heavy gauge sheet metal and has its upper end turned outwardly to provide a finger piece 62 by means of which it may be shifted along the channel 56. At its lower end the catch has a tab 64 struck outwardly therefrom in position to engage the hook-shaped nose of the strike 59. Intermediate its ends the catch 61 is provided with a slot 65 through which passes a screw 66 to retain the catch 61 in position in the channel 56. The lower portion of the channel 56, below the slot 58 may be closed by a filler block 68.

Novel weather stripping is provided between the stiles 21 of the upper sash 12 and the filler strips 40 which serves not only to provide a weather-tight joint therebetween but also as a retaining means effective to hold the upper sash at any desired degree of opening. Referring particularly to Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings, it will be seen that in the present instance each of the filler strips 40 has a longitudinal groove 70 provided therein which adjacent each of its edges is deepened by channels 71. Received in the channels 71 are rib-like portions 72 of metallic stripping 73 having flanges extending outwardly so as to cover the face of the filler strip disposed immediately adjacent the stile 21 of the sash 12.

It will be observed that the rib portions 72 of the stripping 73 define a pair of spaced parallel outwardly opening channels. Extending inwardly into these channels are the side portions 750 of a channelshaped member 75 which is secured to the central portion of the bottom of the groove 70 and is biased toward engagement with the edge surface of the adjacent stile 21 of the sash 12. The member 75 has its web recessed so as to form a pair of spaced, parallel, longitudinally extending ribs 76 which project outwardly for direct engagement with the adjacent edge surface of the stile 21. The member 75 is secured to the filler strip by means of screws "/7 which extend through the web portions of the member. Thus the heads of the screws are disposed between the ribs 76 and are prevented from dragging on the stile 21.

In the illustrative embodiment, to bias the member 75 outwardly for engagement with the edge surfaces of the stiles 21 bowed leaf springs 79 are utilized. Preferably three of these springs are provided for each side of the sash and each is fashioned to have its ends 79a bear against the web portion of the member 75 with the intermediate portions spaced therefrom. Centrally of each leaf spring an aperture 73 is provided to permit passage of one of the screws 77. To accommodate the ribs 76 and to provide a weather-tight seal the stiles 21 are provided with a pair of correspondingly disposed shallow grooves 80 into which the ribs enter when the sash 12 is brought into fully closed position.

In addition to performing their weather stripping function, the members 25 together with the spring 77, as noted above, serve to hold the sash at any desired degree of opening. It will be seen that upon release of the latch 55 and tilting the sash 12 the grooves 80 will be forced from the ribs 76. Consequently, the members 75 are forced outwardly against the action of the leaf springs 79 thus further stressing them. It will be apparent, therefore, that the members 75, being urged inwardly by the thus highly stressed springs 79, are pressed hard against the edge surfaces of the stiles 21, in which condition they are effective to maintain the sash 12 in any desired position.

Stop means is provided to prevent damage to the sash 12 by engagement therewith of the lower sash 14 and more particularly to prevent a sash lock member 81 carried by the upper check rail 19 of the lower sash 14 from striking the glass of the upper sash 12 if it should be in a tilted position when the lower sash 14 is raised. As shown this means comprises a simple rubber bumper 82 only one of which is necessary, which is secured to the check rail 19 immediately above one of its stiles 21. In such position the bumper 82 is engageable with the inner surface of the corresponding stile of the upper sash.

From the foregoing detailed description of the illustrative embodiment of the invention, it is apparent that the pivotal mounting of the upper sash 12 on the filler strips 40 eliminates any need for outer parting strips that are ordinarily required to provide guides for the upper sash of conventional windows. The portion of the side-jamb width that would normally be required for such parting strips is available to accommodate the increased sash thickness that is due to the insulation glazing. Thus a window construction fashioned in accordance with the present invention permits of installation in buildings of standard wall thickness and at the same time maintains the normal appearance of relief as does a conventionally glazed window.

The use of insulation glazing eliminates the need for conventional storm windows with their attendant inconvenience and expense. Furthermore, half-size screens may be used without imposing undesirable restrictions on ventilating requirements.

With the use of a half-screen together with the provisions to accommodate it in a position beneath the upper sash come several advantages: first, the cost of such a screen as compared to that of a full-sized one is materially less; second, a half screen is substantially lighter in weight than a full sized one thus permitting of easier handling; third, in the instant window construction, with the upper sash open, one can easily reach through from the inside of the building in which the window is installed, slip the screen from its installed position and take it inside. By the same token, the outer surface of the lower sash can be cleaned simply by reaching through the opening provided when the upper sash is tilted. Upon swinging the top of the upper sash all the way inwardly and downwardly, the outer surface of it, too, becomes readily accessible for cleaning.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a window cnstruction, the combination comprising a frame, a pair of sashes mounted in the frame and normally disposed one above the other in offset parallel planes, a filler strip rigid with the frame on each side and adjacent the top thereof, a parting strip rigid with the frame on each side and adjacent the bottom thereof, said parting strip having its inner surface coplanar with the corresponding surface of said filler strip, said strips together with said frame defining a pair of vertical channels for guiding movement of one of said sashes, the other of said sashes being disposed between said filler strips and supported thereon for pivotal movement on a horizontal axis between normally closed and open positions.

2. In a window construction, the combination comprising, a frame including a pair of spaced, vertically disposed side jambs, a filler strip rigid with each side jamb adjacent the top thereof, a parting strip rigid with each side jamb adjacent the bottom thereof, said strips being disposed in end-to-end relation with their inner faces coplanar and cooperating with the associated side jamb to define a vertical channel extending the full height of the window on each side thereof, a lower sash supported for vertical movement in said channels, an upper sash supported for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis between said filler strips, said upper and lower sashes being disposed in laterally oflset vertical planes when in closed position and having lower and upper meeting check rails respectively, said parting strips and said side jambs also defining a half-screen receiving recess disposed on the side of said parting strips opposite said channels in substantially coplanar relation to said upper sash and spaced laterally outward from said lower sash permitting the passage of air from the recess and outwardly of said lower sash between the meeting rails of said sashes when said second sash is in a partially open position whereby weatherproof and, draft-free ventilation obtains, the same being insect-proof when a screen is mounted in said recess.

3. In a window construction, the combination comprising, a frame including a pair of spaced, vertically disposed side members, a strip rigid with each of said 'side members and cooperating therewith to define a vertical channel on each side of the window and extending the full height thereof, a first sash supported for vertical movement in said channels, a second sash supported for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis between said strips, said sashes being disposed in laterally offset vertical planes when in closed position and having meeting check rails, said strips and said side frame members also defining a screen receiving recess on the opposite side of said strips from said channels in substantially coplanar relation to said second sash and spaced laterally outward from said first sash permitting the passage of air from the recess and outwardly of the first mentioned sash between the meeting rails of said sashes when said second sash is in a partially open position whereby weatherproof and draft-free ventilation obtains, which ventilation is also insect-proof when a screen is mounted in said recess.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 652,553 Watson June 26, 1900 665,290 Watson et a1. Jan. 1, 1901 1,005,346 Soule Oct. 10, 1911 1,565,337 Sylvan Dec. 15, 1925 1,658,317 Wight et a1. Feb. 7, 1928 1,696,607 Hysert Dec. 25, 1928 1,744,394 Lewis Ian. 21, 1930 1,810,117 Babiarz June 16, 1931 2,288,558 Vose June 20, 1942 2,394,982 Carl Feb. 19, 1946 2,421,309 Anderson May 27, 1947 2,451,654 Beil Oct. 19, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS 391,319 Great Britain Apr. 27, 1933 

